what happens when you enter "google.com" on your browser?
Let's draw a long line. We are going to call this long line "internet backbone"
Let's say you are a client.
Then the URL you entered goes to ISP. ISP is the short term of Internet Service Provider
For example, ISP could be "AT&T" or "T Mobile" in America or It could be "KT" or "SKT" in my country.
DNS is a short term of "Domain Name Server". You can think that DNS server is the server that let you know what is the actual IP address in accordance with the URL. When people need to send and receive files on the internet. Each computer can be located in a unique IP address.
so the DNS server finds the unique IP address from URL.
DNS will let the ISP know the actual IP address and also ISP let the client know the actual IP address of "google.com".
Now, You know the actual location of "google.com".
now your message will be delivered to "internet backbone" through ISP. Eventually the message will be delivered to Google Server through "internet backbone".
So What is "Internet Backbone"?
It is actual internet cables under the sea so all the continents and countries are connected by this internet cables.
Using the same path messages from a client have been sent, You will get the response message from google server. In the message, Usually You will get HTML, CSS , JS files. then the web page you entered on your browser will be opened!
This process happens in milliseconds.